Glow Chemistry: A Simple Guide to Skincare Acids

Acids in skincare may sound intimidating, but they’re some of the most effective ingredients for improving skin texture, tone, and clarity. Common types include AHAs (alpha hydroxy acids), BHAs (beta hydroxy acids), and others like PHAs and azelaic acid. These acids work by gently exfoliating the skin, removing dead cells, unclogging pores, and encouraging cell turnover. The result? Smoother, more radiant skin with a fresher appearance.

AHAs are water-soluble and best for dry or sun-damaged skin. Glycolic acid, derived from sugarcane, is known for its deep exfoliating ability and can help fade fine lines and dark spots. Lactic acid, from milk, is milder and hydrates while exfoliating, making it a good choice for sensitive or dehydrated skin. Mandelic acid, made from bitter almonds, offers a gentle exfoliation ideal for those new to acids or prone to redness.

BHAs, like salicylic acid, are oil-soluble and penetrate deeper into pores, making them excellent for oily or acne-prone skin. Salicylic acid reduces inflammation, clears breakouts, and helps regulate oil production. Azelaic acid is another multitasker, it calms redness, fades hyperpigmentation, and is gentle enough for those with rosacea or reactive skin. These acids tend to work well in combination or rotation depending on your skin’s needs.

The quality of acids can vary based on formulation, concentration, and pH level. It’s important to start slow and use sunscreen daily, as some acids can make skin more sensitive to the sun. With the right acid in the right amount, you can address a range of skin concerns, from dullness and breakouts to uneven tone and rough texture, without overwhelming your skin.